Alexandria Egyptالإسكندرية مصر

Alexandria is Egypt's second-largest city and its principal seaport. A Mediterranean port founded in 331 BC, it was a hub where Greek, Egyptian, Jewish, and Roman cultures intersected.

Historical Significance

• Ancient wonders: home to the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the Great Library of Alexandria.
• Archaeological treasures: much of the ancient city, including Cleopatra's Palace, now lies submerged in the Eastern Harbor due to earthquakes and land subsidence.

Top Attractions

• Citadel of Qaitbay: a 15th-century fortress built on the exact site of the ancient lighthouse, using some of its original stones.
• Bibliotheca Alexandrina: an architectural masterpiece opened in 2002 to commemorate the ancient library, with millions of books, museums, and a planetarium.
• Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa: a 2nd-century Roman burial site blending Egyptian, Greek, and Roman styles.
• The Corniche: a scenic 15-kilometer waterfront promenade lined with restaurants, historic hotels, and cafes.
• Pompey's Pillar: one of the largest monolithic columns ever erected, standing 27 meters tall.

Visiting Details

• Vibe: more laid-back and Mediterranean than Cairo, with cooler sea breezes and a renowned seafood scene.
• Transportation: easily reached from Cairo (about 2.5–3 hours) via the VIP Express train or by car.
• Activities: historical sightseeing, sunset walks along the Corniche, and diving to see underwater ruins.