Giza

Giza is an Egyptian city on the west bank of the Nile, near Cairo. The Giza Plateau is home to iconic Egyptian monuments, including 3 tall pyramids built as royal mausoleums around the 26th century B.C. The largest, the Great Pyramid, is King Khufu’s tomb. The Great Sphinx is a vast sculpture of a man’s head on a lion’s body. The Solar Boat Museum displays a restored cedar barge found buried near the Great Pyramid

Population4.458 million (2023)

7-Digit3759914

Area code(+20) 2

Elevation30 m (98 ft)

Founded642 AD

GovernorateGiza

The Great Pyramid of Giza, Tomb in Egypt

Giza

Is an Egyptian city on the west bank of the Nile and is globally famous as the home of the Giza Plateau, which contains the Great Pyramids and the Great Sphinx. It is the third-largest city in Egypt by area and serves as a major hub for tourism, education, and culture within the Greater Cairo metropolis.

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Top Attractions & Landmark Details

The Giza Plateau is a UNESCO World Heritage site and includes several of ancient Egypt's most significant monuments:

The Great Pyramid (Pyramid of Khufu): The oldest and largest of the three main pyramids. It was built around 2600 BC and is the last of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing.
The Pyramid of Khafre: Slightly smaller than Khufu's but appears taller because it is built on a higher part of the plateau. It is easily recognized by the remaining original limestone casing at its peak.
The Pyramid of Menkaure: The smallest of the three, built with some rare granite blocks.
The Great Sphinx: A massive limestone statue of a reclining sphinx (a creature with a lion's body and a human head). It is believed to represent the pharaoh Khafre and stands as a guardian of the plateau.
Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM): The world's largest archaeological museum, located just northwest of the pyramids. It houses the full Tutankhamun collection and the solar boat found near the Great Pyramid.
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Practical Information for Visitors

Tickets & Entry: Separate tickets are required for general site access and for entering the interior of each pyramid. As of 2025, the main tourist entrance has moved to the Fayoum Desert Road.
Hours: Typically open daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (winter) or 7:00 AM to 4:00 PM (summer).
Best Time to Visit: Late fall (October–November) and winter (December–February) offer the most comfortable temperatures for exploring. Early morning is recommended to beat the tour bus crowds.
Getting Around: The site is vast and involves walking on sandy, uneven terrain. Camel rides, horse carriages, and golf carts are popular local transport options within the plateau.
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Beyond the Monuments

Modern City Life: Giza is a bustling city with upscale neighborhoods like Dokki and Mohandessin, known for their cafés, embassies, and shopping.
Education: It is a major educational center, home to Cairo University, one of Egypt’s oldest and most prestigious institutions.
Giza Zoo: Founded in 1891, it is the first zoo built in Africa and remains a popular local recreation spot